IJOTM 2008-6490 4 2 2013 04 17 The Molecular Prevalence of Viral Infections in Transplant Candidates with Bone Marrow Suppression, Shiraz, Southern Iran, 2010 87 94 EN B Mohammadi R Yaghobi Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Namazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. rayaviro@yahoo.com M Dehghani A Behzad Behbahani 2012 10 15 Background: Transient bone marrow suppression, characterized by acute inability of the bone marrow to produce circulating blood cells, may strongly relate to the pathogenesis of some viral infections. Objective: To study the prevalence of some DNA and RNA viruses in patients with transient bone marrow suppression.Methods: EDTA-treated blood samples were collected from 27 patients with clinically- and laboratoryconfirmed transient bone marrow suppression. The genomic DNA of hepatitis B virus, adenovirus, polyomavirus BK, and parvovirus B19, and genomic RNA of hepatitis C and G viruses were extracted and amplified by sensitive and specific in-house simple and nested PCR and RT-PCR protocols, respectively. The risk factors that might be related to the studied viral infections were analyzed. Results: Hepatitis B virus infection was diagnosed in 9 (33%) of 27 patients; adenovirus infection in 2 (7%); and parvovirus B19 infection in 7 (26%) of 27 patients. The genomic DNA of polyomovirus BK was not detected in any patients. Both hepatitis C and G viruses were found in 3 (11%) of 27 patients.Conclusion: Diagnosis of the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus, and parvovirus B19 in patients with transient bone marrow suppression, reflects the importance of these viral infections in introducing bone marrow suppression. This hypothesis should be confirmed in further studies.